• Vitamins and Minerals, Ferrous Fumarate/Sulphate
    Dosage form: Syrup
    Strength: 300mg/ml
    Indications/Special comments: Treatment & prevention iron deficiency anaemia.
    Dosage Administration: Infants and Children: Severe deficiency: 4 – 6mg/kg/day in 3 divided doses. Mild to moderate deficiency: 3mg/kg/day in 1 – 2 divided doses. Prophylaxis: 1 – 2mg/kg/day in 1 – 2 divided dose (maximum: 15mg/day). Neonates, premature: 2 – 4mg/kg/day in 1 – 2 divided doses, maximum of 15mg/day.
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  • Vitamins and Minerals, Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12)
    Dosage form: Injection
    Strength: 100mcg/ml, 1000mcg/ml
    Indications/Special comments: Treatment of pernicious anaemia; vitamin B12 deficiency; increased B12 requirements due to pregnancy, thyrotoxicosis, haemorrhage, malignancy, liver or kidney disease.
    Dosage Administration: Anaemias: IM or deep SC: Pernicious anaemia, congenital: Adult: 100mcg/day for 6 - 7 days; if improvement, administer same dose on alternate days for 7 doses; then every 3 - 4 days for 2 - 3 weeks; once haematologic values have returned to normal, maintenance dosage: 100mcg/month. Child: 30 - 50mcg/day for 2 or more weeks (to a total dose of 1000 - 5000mcg), Then follow with 100mcg/month as maintenance dosage. Vitamin B12 deficiency: Adult: Initial: 30mcg/day for 5 - 10 days; maintenance: 100 - 200mcg/month. Child: Neurologic signs: 100mcg/day for 10 - 15 days (total dose of 1 - 1.5mg), then once or twice weekly for several months. Haematologic signs: 10 - 50mcg/day for 5 - 10 days, followed by 100 – 250mcg/dose every 2 - 4 weeks.
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  • Vitamins and Minerals, Copper (cupric chloride)
    Dosage form: Injection
    Strength: 40mg
    Indications/Special comments: Prevention and treatment of copper deficiency, which may result from inadequate nutrition or intestinal malabsorption, but does not occur in healthy individuals receiving an adequate balanced diet. For prophylaxis of copper deficiency, dietary improvement, rather than supplementation, is advisable. For treatment of copper deficiency, supplementation is preferred.
    Dosage Administration: IV (incorporated into parenteral nutrition): Infants and Children: 20mcg/kg/day; Adults: 0.3 - 0.5mg/day (high output fistulas; twice the recommended daily allowance may be used).
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  • Vitamins and Minerals, Carnitine
    Dosage form: Injection
    Strength: 200mg/ml
    Indications/Special comments: Acute or chronic treatment in patients with secondary carnitine deficiency resulting from an inborn error of metabolism.
    Dosage Administration: Secondary carnitine deficiency associated with an inborn error of metabolism, direct IV injection: Slowly over 2 – 3 minutes. Paediatric patients =18 years of age: 50mg/kg every 3 or 4 hours administered by slow, direct IV injection over 2 – 3 minutes or by IV infusion; do not administer less frequently than every 6 hours. Subsequent total daily dosage of approximately 50mg/kg, adjusted as required and given in divided doses (i.e., every 3 or 4 hours), is recommended. In paediatric patients =18 years of age with severe metabolic crisis, a loading dose has often been administered, followed by an equivalent dose over the following 24 hours. These patients underwent close supervision and monitoring of plasma levocarnitine concentrations, with subsequent dosage adjusted accordingly. In individual case reports, highest total daily dosage administered has been 300mg/kg. Carnitine deficiency in patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing dialysis, direct IV injection: Slowly over 2 – 3 minutes into the venous return line after each dialysis session. Decreasing the dosage of oral levocarnitine may diminish or eliminate drug-related patient body odour or GI symptoms if present. Paediatric patients =18 years of age: Initially, 10 – 20mg/kg (preferably 10mg/kg) of dry body weight administered by slow, direct IV injection over 2 – 3 minutes into the venous return line after each dialysis session. Initiation of therapy may be prompted by trough (i.e., predialysis) plasma levocarnitine concentrations that are below normal (40 – 50mcmol/L). Adjust dosage based on trough (i.e., predialysis) plasma levocarnitine concentrations; dosage reductions (e.g., to 5mg/kg after dialysis) may be initiated as early as the third or fourth week of therapy.
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  • Vitamins and Minerals, Calcium Gluconate
    Dosage form: Tablet
    Strength: 300mg
    Indications/Special comments: Treatment and prevention of hypocalcemia. Adjunct in the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
    Dosage Administration: Hypocalcaemia (dosed as calcium gluconate): Adults: 0.5 – 2g daily in 2 – 4 divided doses. Children and Infants: 500 – 725mg/kg/day in 3 – 4 divided doses. Neonates: 500 – 1500mg/kg/day in 4 – 6 divided doses.
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  • Vitamins and Minerals, Calcium Gluconate
    Dosage form: Injection
    Strength: 1g
    Indications/Special comments: Treatment and prevention of hypocalcemia. Emergency treatment of hyperkalemia and hypermagnesemia and adjunct in cardiac arrest or calcium channel blocking agent toxicity.
    Dosage Administration: IV: Adults: 2 – 15g/day as a continuous infusion or in divided doses. Children and Infants: 200 – 500mg/kg/day as a continuous infusion or in 4 divided doses. Neonates: 200 – 800mg/kg/day as a continuous infusion or in 4 divided doses. Cardiac arrest and calcium antagonist toxicity (dosed as calcium gluconate): IV: Adults: 500 – 800mg (maximum 3g/dose). Children, Infants, and Neonates: 60 – 100mg/kg/dose (maximum 3g/dose). Tetany (dosed as calcium gluconate): IV: Adults: 1 – 3g may be administered until a response occurs. Children, Infants, and Neonates: 100 – 200mg/kg/dose over 5 – 10 min, may repeat after 6 hr or continuous infusion up to 500mg/kg/day.
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  • Vitamins and Minerals, Calcium Chloride
    Dosage form: Injection
    Strength: 1g
    Indications/Special comments: Treatment of hypocalcemia in conditions requiring a prompt increase in plasma calcium levels (e.g., neonatal tetany and tetany due to parathyroid deficiency, vitamin D deficiency and alkalosis) and for prevention of hypocalcemia during exchange transfusions. As adjunctive therapy in the management of acute symptoms in lead colic. In the treatment of magnesium intoxication due to overdosage of magnesium sulfate. In severe hyperkalemia, to combat deleterious effects on electrocardiographic (ECG) function, pending correction of the potassium level in the extracellular fluid. In cardiac resuscitation, particularly after open heart surgery, when epinephrine fails to improve weak or ineffective myocardial contractions.
    Dosage Administration: IV: Hypocalcemic Disorders: Usual Adult Dosage: 500mg to 1g (5 to 10mL) at intervals of 1 to 3 days, depending on the response of the patient and/or results of serum calcium determinations. Repeated injections may be required because of rapid excretion of calcium. Paediatric Dosage: 0.2mL/kg of body weight. Maximum 1 - 10mL/day. Magnesium Intoxication: Initial Adult Dose: 500mg (5mL) administered promptly and the patient observed for signs of recovery before further doses are given.
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  • Vitamins and Minerals, Calcium Carbonate
    Dosage form: Tablet
    Strength: 500mg, 750mg
    Indications/Special comments: Used as calcium supplementation in pregnant and lactating women and in growing children, latent tetany, ricketts and osteomalacia (additional to specific therapy). Prevention of pre-and postmenopausal bone demineralisation, osteoporosis, as supportive treatment in allergic conditions.
    Dosage Administration: Hypocalcaemia (prophylaxis): Oral: amount based on normal daily-recommended intakes in table below. Hypocalcaemia (treatment): Treatment dose is individualized by prescriber based on severity of deficiency. Adolescent & adult males/females: 800-1200mg; Pregnant females & breast feeding females: 1200mg; birth to 3 years of age: 400-800mg; 4-10 years of age: 800mg.
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  • Vitamins and Minerals, Calcium Acetate
    Dosage form: Solution
    Strength: 667mg/5ml
    Indications/Special comments: Control of hyperphosphatemia in end-stage renal disease.
    Dosage Administration: Adults: Hyperphosphatemia in end-stage renal disease: 1334mg with each meal, may increase gradually (in absence of hypercalcemia) to achieve target serum phosphate levels (usual dose = 2001 – 2668mg with each meal).
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  • Vitamins and Minerals, Calcium + Vitamin D
    Dosage form: Tablet
    Strength: 600mg + 200IU
    Indications/Special comments: Used to prevent or to treat a calcium deficiency.
    Dosage Administration: Osteoporosis: Calcium - General Range: 1000mg to 1300mg daily. Vitamin D - General Range: 200 IU to 800 IU daily. Usual Adult Dose for Dietary Supplement: Calcium - General Range: 1000mg to 1300mg daily. Vitamin D - General Range: 200IU to 800IU daily.
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