• Anaesthetic Adjunct and Adjuvant, Nitrous oxide
    Dosage form: Inhalent
    Strength: n/a
    Indications/Special comments: Maintenance of anaesthesia and, in sub-anaesthetic concentrations, for analgesia.
    Dosage Administration: Adult: Inhalation: Anaesthetic (general): Induction: 70% with 30% of oxygen. Maintenance: 30 to 70% with oxygen. For obstetrics or procedures not requiring loss of consciousness: 25 to 50% with oxygen. Child: Dosage must be individualized.
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  • Anaesthetic Adjunct and Adjuvant, Midazolam Hydrochloride
    Dosage form: Syrup
    Strength: 2mg/ml
    Indications/Special comments: Preoperative sedation and provides conscious sedation prior to diagnostic or radiographic procedures; intravenous anaesthesia (induction and maintenance).
    Dosage Administration: Conscious sedation for procedures or preoperative sedation: Oral: 0.25 - 0.5mg/kg as a single dose procedure, up to a maximum of 20 mg; administer 30 - 45 minutes prior to procedure. Child < 6 years or less: Cooperative patients may require as much as 1mg/kg as a single dose; 0.25mg/kg may suffice for child 6 - 16 years of age.
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  • Anaesthetic Adjunct and Adjuvant, Midazolam Hydrochloride
    Dosage form: Injection
    Strength: 5mg/5ml. 15mg/3ml
    Indications/Special comments: Preoperative sedation and provides conscious sedation prior to diagnostic or radiographic procedures; intravenous anaesthesia (induction and maintenance).
    Dosage Administration: Preoperative sedation: Adult: IM: 0.07 - 0.08mg/kg 30 - 60 minutes prior to surgery/procedure; usual dose: 5mg. IV: 0.02 - 0.04mg/kg; repeat every 5 minutes as needed to desired effect or up to 0.1 - 0.2mg/kg. Conscious sedation: IV: Initial; 0.5 - 2mg slow IV over at least 2 minutes; slowly titrate to effect by repeating doses every 2 - 3 minutes if needed; usual total dose: 2.5 - 5mg; use decreased doses in elderly. Anesthaesia: IV: Induction: Unpremedicated patients: 0.3 - 0.35mg/kg (up to 0.6mg/kg in resistant cases); Premedicated patients: 0.15 - 0.3mg/kg. Maintenance: 0.05 - 0.3mg/kg as needed or continuous infusion 0.25 - 1.5mcg/kg/minute.
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  • Anaesthetic Adjunct and Adjuvant, Hyoscine Hydrobromide
    Dosage form: Injection
    Strength: 20mg/ml
    Indications/Special comments: As antisialogogue pre-anaesthetic medication to prevent or reduce salivation and respiratory tract secretion. Parentral administration of scopolamine in combination with morphine or meperidine is indicated in pre-anaesthesia to reduce excitement and produce amnesia.
    Dosage Administration: Prophylaxis of excessive salivation and respiratory tract secretion in anaesthesia: IM: Adult: 0.2 - 0.6mg, 30 minutes to 1 hour before induction of anaesthesia. Child: administered 45 minutes - 1 hour before induction of anaesthesia. Child (4 - 7 months) - 0.1mg. Child (7 months - 3 years) - 0.15mg, Child (3 - 8 years) - 0.2mg, Child (8 - 12 years) - 0.3mg. Anaesthetic Adjunct - sedation - hypnosis: IM, IV or SC: Adult: 0.6mg three or four times a day. Amnesia: IM, IV, SC: Adult: 0.32 to 0.05mg.
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  • Anaesthetic Adjunct and Adjuvant, Dexmedetomidine Hydrochloride
    Dosage form: Injection
    Strength: 100mcg/ml
    Indications/Special comments: Sedation of initially intubated and mechanically ventilated patients during treatment in an intensive care setting; should not be used for >24 hr. Sedation of non-intubated patients before and/or during surgical and other procedures.
    Dosage Administration: ICU Sedation: IV: Adults: Loading infusion– 1mcg/kg over 10 min. followed by maintenance infusion of 0.2 – 0.7mcg/kg/hr for maximum of 24 hr; rate is adjusted to achieve desired level of sedation. Children: Loading infusion– 0.5 – 1mcg/kg followed by maintenance infusion of 0.2 – 1mcg/kg/hr. Children <1 yr may require higher end of infusion rate. Procedural Sedation: IV: Adults: Loading infusion– 1mcg/kg (0.5mcg/kg for ophthalmic surgery or patients >65 yr) over 10 min. followed by maintenance infusion of 0.6mcg/kg/hr; rate is adjusted to achieve desired level of sedation (usual range 0.2 – 1mcg/kg/hr) (maintenance infusion of 0.7mcg/kg/hr recommended for fiberoptic intubation until endotracheal tube secured).
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  • Anaesthetic Adjunct and Adjuvant, Atropine Sulphate
    Dosage form: Injection
    Strength: 0.4mg/ml (Multidose), 1mg/ml
    Indications/Special comments: As antisialagogue pre-anaesthetic medication to prevent or reduce salivation and respiratory tract secretions.
    Dosage Administration: Adult: IV: 0.3 - 0.6mg immediately before induction of anaesthesia. IM: 0.3 - 0.6mg, 30 - 60 minutes before induction. Child: IM: 20 micrograms per kg of body weight.
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